unix level performane check

vmstat
$ vmstat 5 3
Displays system statistics (5 seconds apart; 3 times):
procs memory page disk faults cpu
r b w swap free re mf pi po fr de sr s0 s1 s2 s3 in sy cs us sy id
0 0 0 28872 8792 8 5 172 142 210 0 24 3 11 17 2 289 1081 201 14 6 80
0 0 0 102920 1936 1 95 1936 302 1264 235 12 1 0 3 240 459 211 0 2 97
0 0 0 102800 1960 0 0 0 0 0 464 0 0 0 0 0 107 146 29 0 0 100

Having any processes in the b or w columns is a sign of a problem system.
Having an id of 0 is a sign that the cpu is overburdoned.
Having high values in pi and po show excessive paging.
• procs (Reports the number of processes in each of the following states)
• r : in run queue b : blocked for resources (I/O, paging etc.)
• w : runnable but swapped
• memory (Reports on usage of virtual and real memory)
• swap : swap space currently available (Kbytes)
• free : size of free list (Kbytes)
• page (Reports information about page faults and paging activity (units per second)
• re : page reclaims mf : minor faults pi : Kbytes paged in po : Kbytes paged out
• fr : Kbytes freed de : anticipated short-term memory shortfall (Kbytes)
• sr : pages scanned by clock algorith
• disk (Reports the number of disk operations per second for up to 4 disks
• faults (Reports the trap/interupt rates (per second)
• in : (non clock) device interupts si : system calls
• cs : CPU context switches
• cpu (Reports the breakdown of percentage usage of CPU time (averaged across all CPUs)
• us : user time si : system time cs : idle time
CPU Usage
sar
$ sar -u 10 8
Reports CPU Utilization (10 seconds apart; 8 times):
Time %usr %sys %wio %idle
11:57:31 72 28 0 0
11:57:41 70 30 0 0
11:57:51 70 30 0 0
11:58:01 68 32 0 0
11:58:11 67 33 0 0
11:58:21 65 28 0 7
11:58:31 73 27 0 0
11:58:41 69 31 0 0
Average 69 30 0 1

%usr: Percent of CPU in user mode
%sys: Percent of CPU in system mode
%wio: Percent of CPU running idle with a process waiting for block I/O
%idle: Percent of CPU that is idle
mpstat
$ mpstat 10 2
Reports per-processor statistics on Sun Solaris (10 seconds apart; 8 times):
CPU minf mjf xcal intr ithr csw icsw migr smtx srw syscl usr sys wt idl
0 6 8 0 438 237 246 85 0 0 21 8542 23 9 9 59
0 0 29 0 744 544 494 206 0 0 95 110911 65 29 6 0
ps
$ ps -e -o pcpu -o pid -o user -o args | sort -k 1 | tail -21r
Displays the top 20 CPU users on the system.
%CPU PID USER COMMAND
78.1 4789 oracle ora_dbwr_DDDS2
8.5 4793 oracle ora_lgwr_DDDS2
2.4 6206 oracle oracleDDDS2 (LOCAL=NO)
0.1 4797 oracle ora_smon_DDDS2
0.1 6207 oracle oracleDDDS2 (LOCAL=NO)
etc. etc. etc. etc.

The PID column can then be matched with the SPID column on the V$PROCESS view to provide more information on the process:
SELECT a.username,a.osuser,a.program,spid,sid,a.serial#
FROM v$session a,v$process b
WHERE a.paddr = b.addr AND spid ='&pid';



tar
The tar command can be used to backup and restore files to another filesystem or an offile storage device:
# Create archive.
cd /u01/app/oracle
tar -cvf /tmp/admin.tar admin

# Restore archive.
cd /tmp
tar -xvf admin.tar
If a full path is used during the archive creation the extract locations are fixed rather than relative. The process is similar when accessing a tape device except the destination is the mounted device:
# Mount and rewind the tape.
mt -f /dev/rmt/2m rew

# Create archive.
tar -cvf /dev/rmt/2m /u01/*

# Restore archive.
tar -xvf /dev/rmt/2m
dd
The dd command is similar to the tar command:
# Mount and rewind the tape.
mt -f /dev/rmt/2m rew

# Create archive.
dd if=/u01/app/oracle/* of=/dev/rmt/2m BS=32K

# Restore archive.
dd if=/dev/rmt/2m of=/u01/app/oracle BS=32K
cpio
The cpio command deals with the standard input so filesystem paths must be piped to it:
# Create archive.
cd /u01/app/oracle
find admin | cpio -oc > /tmp/admin.cpio

# Restore archive.
cd /tmp
cpio -idmv < admin.cpio
If a full path is used during the archive creation the extract locations are fixed rather than relative:
find /u01/app/oracle/admin | cpio -oc > /tmp/admin.cpio
vdump, rvdump, vrestore and rvrestore
Full level 0 backup of a local filesystem (/u01) to a local device (/dev/tape/tape1_d6):
/sbin/vdump -0 -u -f /dev/tape/tape1_d6 /u01
Full level 0 backup of a local filesystem (/u01) to a remote device (server2:/dev/tape/tape1_d6):
/sbin/rvdump -0 -u -f server2:/dev/tape/tape1_d6 /u01
Restore a vdump or rvdump archive from a local device (/dev/tape/tape1_d6) to a local filesystem (/u01):
/sbin/vrestore -xf /dev/tape/tape1_d6 -D /u01
Restore a vdump or rvdump archive from a remote device (server2:/dev/tape/tape1_d6) to a local filesystem (/u01):
/sbin/rvrestore -xf server2:/dev/tape/tape1_d6 -D /u01